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Van cat
The Van cat (' 'cat of Van', plural '; (アルメニア語:Վանա կատու ''Vana katou''), Western Armenian: ''Vana gadou''; (クルド語:''Pisîka Wanê'')) is a distinctive landrace of domestic cat, found in the Lake Van region of eastern Turkey. It is relatively large, has a chalky white coat, sometimes with ruddy coloration on the head and hindquarters, and has blue or amber eyes or is odd-eyed (having one eye of each colour).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Turkish Van Cats ) Like many sources, this one conflates the Turkish Van formal breed, which is actually British, with the local Van cat landrace of Turkey, and so must be interpreted with caution.〕〔 (http://www.vankedisi.net/ Machine translation into English ).〕〔//newspot.byegm.gov.tr/2006/february/ns11.htm 〕 The variety has been referred to as "the swimming cat", and observed to swim in Lake Van.〔〔
The naturally occurring Van cat type is popularly believed to be the basis of the Turkish Van breed,〔 as standardised and recognised by many cat fancier organizations; it has been internationally selectively bred to consistently produce the ruddy head-and-tail colouring pattern on the white coat. However, one of the breed founders' own writings indicate that the four original cats used to found the formal breed came from other parts of Turkey than the Lake Van area. The capitalised and run-together term "Turkish " is confusingly used by some organisations as a name for all-white specimens of the formal Turkish Van breed.〔〕
== History ==
The Van cat has been reported living in the vicinity of the city of Van and the general Lake Van area for centuries;〔 how long is uncertain. Genetic research has shown that the domestic cat's ancestor, the African wild cat (''Felis silvestris lybica''), was domesticated, for rodent control, about 10,000 years ago in the Near East when tribes transitioned from hunter-gathering to crop farming and settled life. In addition, the white-spotting in domestic cats appeared at the earliest stage of cat domestication, and is one of the points of evidence of early artificial selection. However, this does not necessarily mean that white cats have been in the Van area the entire time.
The landrace is named ' (plural ', possessive genitive ') in Turkish, ''Vana katou'' or ''Vana gadou'' () in Armenian,〔Paruyr Sevak, "The Unsilenceable Belfry" (Պարույր Սևակ, ԱՆԼՌԵԼԻ ԶԱՆԳԱԿԱՏՈՒՆ), published in 1959: "...Թե՞ ազատվելու հուսահատ ճիգով Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝Վառվող աչքերով ..."〕 and ' in Kurdish. All of these names literally translate to 'cat of Van' or 'Van cat'.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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